Clear Creek has been severely disturbed by logging, grazing, mining and channel modifications. Watershed Consulting was contracted to provide a watershed vegetation restoration plan that includes: general revegetation guidelines, plant materials recommendations and procurement options, on-site vegetation restoration techniques, and comprehensive and site-specific riparian restoration plans. Recently, spring floods worsened as the flashy nature of the stream was amplified by the collective influences mentioned. The result was a stream with unstable banks, an enormous bed load, and a high width to depth ratio. The revegetation potential along recently reconstructed portions of Clear Creek was extremely low. The primary factor limiting plant establishment and growth was a lack of soil fines, creating excessively well drained soils, and an associated lack of soil moisture and plant available nutrients. Common restoration techniques such as planting seedlings and willow cuttings have limited use on this site. In response, Watershed Consulting created and implemented a riparian vegetation restoration plan that called for a variety of unique and innovative techniques. The primary goal for the vegetation component of the Clear Creek Restoration Project was substrate stabilization, especially at reconstructed point bars and root-wad revetments. Other goals include stream shading, wildlife habitat, and the restoration of ecosystem function. One tactic used to deal with this site was the construction of bio-engineering structures designed to decrease future bed-loads and stabilize gravel bars. These structures, called brush bars, were constructed on flood plains and point bars to stabilize a gravelly substrate, trap silt, and create a site for natural seedling establishment. Brush bars increase in strength and effectiveness over time. Brush bars are built with small trees or large limbs, and then willow, dogwood or cottonwood rooted cuttings are planted within the bar. The bars are securely anchored to the gravel substrate by incorporating rocks and gravel into the base of the bundle, and then tieing the remainder of the bundle to the base.
Personnel involved: Mark Vander Meer - riparian restoration design and implementation Steve Buckley - fluvial geomorphology Igor Suchomel - hydrology
Contact: Steve Dagger, Lolo National Forest, Plains, MT (406) 826-4315